The energy performance of an STPV window system is also affected by the window-to-wall ratio (WWR), orientations, incident spectra and module characteristics, ,, ,, ,, ]. Different strategies to manage the temperature have also been discussed in the literature, ,, ,, ]. Various experimental and analytical studies are there to assess the module temperature and related effects in building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) applications. Many researchers have considered the effects of module temperature in the conversion efficiency, , ]. But the energy generation capacity of the semi-transparent photovoltaic (STPV) module depends on many factors like module temperature, local climate, type of incident spectrum, amount of incident radiation, design, and operation strategies. The photovoltaic integrated window/façade produce energy at the place of installation. The semi-transparent photovoltaic window/façade systems have immense importance in achieving the goals of low or net-zero buildings. Low energy or net-zero energy buildings are the requirements of the present time.
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